{"id":4797,"date":"2023-09-19T05:03:04","date_gmt":"2023-09-19T09:03:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/worldvapersalliance.com\/?p=4797"},"modified":"2023-09-19T07:35:31","modified_gmt":"2023-09-19T11:35:31","slug":"what-are-the-long-term-risks-of-vaping","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/worldvapersalliance.com\/sv\/what-are-the-long-term-risks-of-vaping\/","title":{"rendered":"Vilka \u00e4r de l\u00e5ngsiktiga riskerna med vaping?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ja, ja, \u201cvi vet inte\u201d, men det \u00e4r n\u00f6dv\u00e4ndigt att s\u00e4tta denna negativa bed\u00f6mning i ett sammanhang. Vi beh\u00f6ver s\u00e4rskilt utmana retoriska argument som anv\u00e4nder denna brist p\u00e5 kunskap som ett argument f\u00f6r att mots\u00e4tta oss THR.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vi vet inte i absoluta termer, vi kanske aldrig vet det med full precision, eftersom komplexiteten i m\u00e4nsklig biologi g\u00f6r det till ett skr\u00e4mmande problem med tanke p\u00e5 m\u00e5ngfalden av individuella reaktioner och potentiellt p\u00e5verkade biologiska system. Vi kan dock g\u00f6ra mycket robusta uppskattningar och slutsatser utifr\u00e5n den befintliga kort- och medell\u00e5ngsiktiga kunskapen, som \u00e4r betydande: hundratals v\u00e4l utformade experiment med emissionstester, biomark\u00f6rer, prekliniska och till och med kliniska studier visar tydligt, efter cirka 10 \u00e5rs rigor\u00f6s observation, att riskerna (f\u00f6rst\u00e5dda som potentiell skadlighet) med vapning minskas dramatiskt i j\u00e4mf\u00f6relse med r\u00f6kning. Denna l\u00e5ngsiktiga slutsats \u00e4r en av grundpelarna i THR (och i m\u00e5nga andra fr\u00e5gor som vetenskapen tar upp). Det \u00e4r viktigt att f\u00f6rst\u00e5 och f\u00f6rsvara den.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Det finns inget bef\u00e4ngt i att g\u00f6ra l\u00e5ngsiktiga (\u00e5rtionden l\u00e5nga) modeller och prognoser baserade p\u00e5 vad vi vet nu och fr\u00e5n tidigare evolution, det \u00e4r vanlig praxis inom m\u00e5nga vetenskapliga discipliner.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Om vaping ska f\u00f6rkastas eller begr\u00e4nsas h\u00e5rt och \u00f6verregleras eftersom \u201cvi inte k\u00e4nner till de l\u00e5ngsiktiga effekterna\u201d, d\u00e5 b\u00f6r vi ocks\u00e5 f\u00f6rkasta eller drastiskt begr\u00e4nsa fr\u00e4mjandet av gr\u00f6na \u00e5tg\u00e4rder f\u00f6r att motverka klimatf\u00f6r\u00e4ndringar fr\u00e5n global uppv\u00e4rmning eftersom vi inte kan vara s\u00e4kra p\u00e5 att dessa \u00e5tg\u00e4rder kommer att lyckas. Vi kan inte g\u00e5 30-50 \u00e5r in i framtiden och komma tillbaka med grundliga m\u00e4tningar som visar att de globala temperaturerna stiger 1,5 eller 3 grader eller inte stiger alls.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Att titta p\u00e5 den l\u00e5ngsiktiga termiska utvecklingen av jordens atmosf\u00e4r \u00e4r ett skr\u00e4mmande problem, precis som att titta p\u00e5 utvecklingen av de l\u00e5ngsiktiga biologiska effekterna av vaping. Bristen p\u00e5 fullst\u00e4ndig absolut kunskap om l\u00e5ngsiktiga effekter hindrar dock inte regeringar och institutioner fr\u00e5n att fr\u00e4mja gr\u00f6n energi och policyf\u00f6r\u00e4ndringar. Huvudargumentet \u00e4r att oavsett om den globala temperaturen \u00f6kar med 1,5 eller 3 grader, skulle vi ha det mycket s\u00e4mre om vi "inte gjorde n\u00e5gonting" eftersom "vi inte vet".\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c4nd\u00e5, liksom klimatf\u00f6rnekare, f\u00f6resl\u00e5r m\u00e5nga vaping-kritiker att \u201cinte g\u00f6ra n\u00e5gonting (eller mots\u00e4tta sig eller \u00f6verbegr\u00e4nsa) det eftersom vi inte k\u00e4nner till de l\u00e5ngsiktiga riskerna\u201d. Denna vanliga attityd \u00e4r potentiellt katastrofal (hur m\u00e5nga r\u00f6kare kommer att bli sjuka och leva kortare liv under de \u00e5rtionden det skulle ta \u201ctills vi vet\u201d?).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

I b\u00e5da fallen av att dra slutsatser om l\u00e5ngsiktiga effekter (thriller och klimatf\u00f6r\u00e4ndringar) \u00e4r all modellering och prognoser starkt beroende av antaganden om vad som h\u00e4nder l\u00e4ngs v\u00e4gen. Scenarier f\u00f6r global uppv\u00e4rmning beror p\u00e5 de \u00e5tg\u00e4rder som kan genomf\u00f6ras p\u00e5 kort eller medell\u00e5ng sikt; det finns ett spektrum fr\u00e5n "optimistiska" till "pessimistiska" antaganden. Det finns ingen absolut ritning och m\u00e5nga ok\u00e4nda faktorer och os\u00e4kerheter kvarst\u00e5r, men allt detta f\u00f6rlamar inte anstr\u00e4ngningarna.<\/span><\/p>\n

Likas\u00e5 kommer all modellering av l\u00e5ngsiktiga biologiska effekter fr\u00e5n THR-produkter att bero p\u00e5 vad som h\u00e4nder l\u00e4ngs v\u00e4gen. F\u00f6rbud eller \u00f6verreglering kommer att avskr\u00e4cka m\u00e5nga r\u00f6kare fr\u00e5n att byta och h\u00e4mma den n\u00f6dv\u00e4ndiga tekniska utvecklingen f\u00f6r att producera vape-produkter som avger \u00e4nnu mindre giftigt inneh\u00e5ll. Institutionellt accepterande av THR (\u00e4ven om det \u00e4r mycket kritiskt) skulle skapa b\u00e4ttre f\u00f6ruts\u00e4ttningar f\u00f6r dessa f\u00f6rb\u00e4ttringar.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

F\u00f6rutom klimatf\u00f6r\u00e4ndringar f\u00f6rlitar sig l\u00e4kemedelsforskning som utvecklar l\u00e4kemedel och vacciner ocks\u00e5 p\u00e5 l\u00e5ngsiktiga prognoser baserade p\u00e5 tidigare medicinsk och biologisk kunskap och en kort testperiod. Praktiskt taget alla l\u00e4kemedel sl\u00e4pps efter upp till 10 \u00e5r av randomiserade kontrollerade studier. Naturligtvis \u00e4r det viktigt att h\u00e5lla ett vakande \u00f6ga och det finns exempel p\u00e5 l\u00e4kemedel som tagits bort fr\u00e5n marknaden n\u00e4r det finns bevis p\u00e5 of\u00f6rutsedd eller ov\u00e4ntad skada. Ingen anh\u00e4ngare av THR mots\u00e4tter sig att h\u00e5lla samma vaksamma \u00f6ga p\u00e5 vejparna. Det \u00e4r dock alltid n\u00f6dv\u00e4ndigt att komma ih\u00e5g att det kan vara mycket sv\u00e5rt att skilja uppt\u00e4ckta skador hos vejparna fr\u00e5n tidigare, p\u00e5g\u00e5ende skador efter l\u00e5ng r\u00f6khistorik (eftersom de flesta vejparna \u00e4r tidigare eller nuvarande r\u00f6kare).\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ett annat bristf\u00e4lligt argument kring bristen p\u00e5 kunskap om l\u00e5ngsiktiga effekter \u00e4r att "det tog oss \u00e5rtionden att ta reda p\u00e5 skadorna av r\u00f6kning, det kommer att ta \u00e5rtionden att k\u00e4nna till skadorna av vaping". Detta argument avsl\u00f6jar vetenskaplig analfabetism. Ja, det tog m\u00e4nniskor m\u00e5nga \u00e5rhundraden att kunna flyga s\u00e4kert (slutligen i b\u00f6rjan av 1900-talet), men det tog m\u00e4nniskor bara ett par decennier att utveckla s\u00e4tt att n\u00e5 m\u00e5nen (1969). Om cigaretter uppfanns idag, skulle faktisk kunskap om analytisk kemi, aerosolfysik och kemi, m\u00e4nsklig biologi och medicinsk vetenskap g\u00f6ra dess skadliga effekter absolut uppenbara inom loppet av m\u00e5nader eller till och med veckor. Vi skulle inte k\u00e4nna till skadorna i absolut or\u00f6rda och exakta termer, men vi skulle veta att det \u00e4r skadligt.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Slutligen, n\u00e4sta g\u00e5ng n\u00e5gon kritiker av THR uttrycker "vi mots\u00e4tter oss det eftersom vi inte k\u00e4nner till de l\u00e5ngsiktiga effekterna", s\u00e4g dem att samma argument skulle avvisa att erk\u00e4nna den globala uppv\u00e4rmningen och fr\u00e4mja f\u00f6r\u00e4ndringar i energipolitiken f\u00f6r att hantera den. Med samma logik b\u00f6r den h\u00e4r personen inte ta n\u00e5gon medicin eller vaccin f\u00f6rr\u00e4n tester har gjorts i \u00e5rtionden.<\/span>
\n<\/span>
\n<\/span>
\n<\/span>Dr. Roberto A. Sussman<\/span>
\n<\/span>Institutet f\u00f6r k\u00e4rnvetenskap<\/span><\/p>\n

Mexikos nationella autonoma universitet<\/span><\/p>\n

UNAM<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Yes, yes, “we don\u2019t know\u201d, but it is necessary to put a context on this negative assessment. In particular, we need to challenge rhetorical arguments using this lack of knowledge as an argument to oppose THR. We don\u2019t know in absolute terms, we might never know it with full precision, as the complexity of human […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":4461,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4797","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"yoast_head":"\nWhat are the long term risks of vaping? - World Vapers' Alliance<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"We need to challenge rhetorical arguments using the lack of knowledge as an argument to oppose tobacco harm reduction.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/worldvapersalliance.com\/sv\/what-are-the-long-term-risks-of-vaping\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sv_SE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What are the long term risks of vaping? 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