{"id":3426,"date":"2022-12-12T06:52:03","date_gmt":"2022-12-12T11:52:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/worldvapersalliance.com\/?p=3426"},"modified":"2022-12-12T06:54:43","modified_gmt":"2022-12-12T11:54:43","slug":"the-history-of-the-war-on-drugs-should-be-a-warning-for-anti-vaping-crusaders","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/worldvapersalliance.com\/sv\/the-history-of-the-war-on-drugs-should-be-a-warning-for-anti-vaping-crusaders\/","title":{"rendered":"Historien om kriget mot droger borde vara en varning f\u00f6r anti-vaping-korst\u00e5g ..."},"content":{"rendered":"

F\u00f6r \u00e5ttionio \u00e5r sedan upph\u00f6rde alkoholf\u00f6rbudet. F\u00f6rbudet f\u00f6rst\u00f6rde inte bara miljontals familjer och liv, utan det skapade ocks\u00e5 n\u00e5gra av de st\u00f6rsta och mest skr\u00e4ckinjagande maffiakartellerna n\u00e5gonsin. Men vad som \u00e4r mindre k\u00e4nt \u00e4r att det ocks\u00e5 kickstartade kriget mot droger, vilket vi fortfarande ser idag.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Johann Hari beskrev b\u00f6rjan p\u00e5 kriget mot droger i sin bok \u201c<\/span>Jagar skriket<\/span><\/a>\u201dmycket fint, och en av nyckelpersonerna \u00e4r Harry Anslinger, som blev chef f\u00f6r det amerikanska finansdepartementets federala narkotikabyr\u00e5 1930. I en nyligen genomf\u00f6rd <\/span>podden<\/span><\/a>, Hari beskriver Anslinger som "den ondaste mannen som ingen k\u00e4nner". Han tog \u00f6ver byr\u00e5n p\u00e5 gr\u00e4nsen till slutet av alkoholf\u00f6rbudet. Han ins\u00e5g snabbt att utan alkohol som fiende nummer ett beh\u00f6vde han ett nytt m\u00e5l f\u00f6r att r\u00e4ttf\u00e4rdiga sitt jobbs existens och h\u00e5lla finansieringen f\u00f6r sin byr\u00e5 ig\u00e5ng. Enligt Hari b\u00f6rjade han driva p\u00e5 f\u00f6r ett krig mot heroin och kokain men ins\u00e5g att f\u00f6r f\u00e5 m\u00e4nniskor konsumerade dessa produkter f\u00f6r att r\u00e4ttf\u00e4rdiga den enorma m\u00e4ngd pengar som fl\u00f6dade in i hans byr\u00e5. S\u00e5 hans "onda" plan var att starta ett krig mot cannabis. Detta f\u00f6ll "perfekt" i linje med hans rassegregationistiska v\u00e4rldsbild, och han kunde rikta in sig p\u00e5 svarta m\u00e4nniskor och jazzmusik. Dessutom avskydde han m\u00e4nniskor som var beroende (ur hans synvinkel) av alla substanser. Det som saknades var en skr\u00e4ckhistoria f\u00f6r att starta kriget mot cannabis.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00e5 n\u00e4r han h\u00f6rde talas om ett brutalt yxmord visste han att detta var \u00f6gonblicket han v\u00e4ntat p\u00e5. Victor Licata hade m\u00f6rdat sin familj med en yxa. Trots att l\u00e4karna konstaterat att han led av schizofreni, hans <\/span>cannabiskonsumtion skylldes<\/span><\/a>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>Slutligen hade Anslinger sin perfekta historia och h\u00e4vdade under en kongressutfr\u00e5gning: \u201cVissa m\u00e4nniskor kommer att bli rasande, och de \u00e4r tillf\u00e4lligt oansvariga och kan beg\u00e5 v\u00e5ldsbrott.\u201d Detta var b\u00f6rjan p\u00e5 en massiv anti-cannabiskampanj (inklusive att b\u00f6rja anv\u00e4nda termen marijuana f\u00f6r att f\u00e5 det att l\u00e5ta mer mexikanskt, enligt Laura Smith) och ledde till f\u00f6rbudet mot cannabis som \u00e4r ansvarigt f\u00f6r hundratusentals d\u00f6dsfall och f\u00f6rst\u00f6rt miljontals liv.<\/span><\/p>\n

Varf\u00f6r \u00e4r detta relevant f\u00f6r vapingv\u00e4rlden? Svaret \u00e4r enkelt: politik fungerar fortfarande p\u00e5 v\u00e4ldigt liknande s\u00e4tt. H\u00e4r \u00e4r fyra anledningar till varf\u00f6r:\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. F\u00f6rbudstiden d\u00f6dar<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Om beslutsfattare vid det h\u00e4r laget borde ha l\u00e4rt sig en sak av historien, s\u00e5 \u00e4r det att f\u00f6rbud inte fungerar. Alkoholf\u00f6rbudet i USA var en fullst\u00e4ndig katastrof som ledde till mer alkoholkonsumtion och os\u00e4ker konsumtion och genererade massiva, d\u00f6dliga kriminella karteller. Kriget mot droger v\u00e4rlden \u00f6ver \u00e4r ett fullst\u00e4ndigt misslyckande och har ofta resulterat i kontraproduktiv politik. F\u00f6rbudet f\u00f6rst\u00f6rde miljontals liv i USA och kriget mot droger kollapsade n\u00e4stan hela l\u00e4nder. Genom att f\u00f6rbjuda produkter f\u00f6rsvinner inte efterfr\u00e5gan, utan leverant\u00f6ren byter plats fr\u00e5n officiella f\u00f6retag till svarta marknadsakt\u00f6rer. Detta kanske l\u00e5ter f\u00f6r f\u00f6renklat, men det \u00e4r en... <\/span>historiskt faktum<\/span><\/a>. D\u00e4rf\u00f6r \u00e4r det rimligt att anta att kriget mot vaping kommer att f\u00e5 samma resultat. Att f\u00f6rbjuda, eller till och med begr\u00e4nsa, vaping och nikotin f\u00f6r vuxna kommer att \u00f6ka svarta marknadsaktiviteter och \u00f6ka konsumtionen av redan f\u00f6rbjudna produkter.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Byr\u00e5kratier n\u00e5r aldrig sina m\u00e5l<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Ber\u00e4ttelsen fr\u00e5n narkotikabyr\u00e5n beskriver perfekt konceptet med \u201c<\/span>uppdragskryp<\/span><\/a>\u201c. Myndigheter, men \u00e4ven m\u00e5nga icke-statliga organisationer, vinner aldrig \u2013 oavsett vad deras m\u00e5l \u00e4r. Efter att alkoholf\u00f6rbudet upph\u00f6rde sa de inte: \u201cTja, vi beh\u00f6vs inte l\u00e4ngre, s\u00e5 l\u00e5t oss ge upp det bekv\u00e4ma jobbet och pensionen\u201d \u2013 de b\u00f6rjade leta efter nya m\u00e5ltavlor. I det h\u00e4r fallet var det cannabis. N\u00e4r det g\u00e4ller anti-r\u00f6kningskomplexet \u00e4r det vaping och nikotin. Ist\u00e4llet f\u00f6r att fira minskande antal r\u00f6kare och betydligt f\u00e4rre d\u00f6dsfall har m\u00e5nga regeringar, folkh\u00e4lsomyndigheter och anti-r\u00f6kningsaktivister varit p\u00e5 jakt efter nya fiender. De best\u00e4mde sig f\u00f6r att g\u00f6ra vaping och nikotin i allm\u00e4nhet till syndabockar, och som ett resultat f\u00f6rvandlades kampen mot r\u00f6kning gradvis till en kamp mot nikotin.\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Ett krig mot droger inneb\u00e4r ocks\u00e5 ett krig mot vetenskapen<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        F\u00f6r att forts\u00e4tta kriget mot ett visst \u00e4mne beh\u00f6ver myndigheter och icke-statliga organisationer allm\u00e4nheten p\u00e5 sin sida, och som historien har visat \u00e4r detta f\u00f6r vissa viktigare \u00e4n vetenskapliga fakta. De klassiska exemplen \u00e4r de tidiga dagarna med anti-cannabisfilmer och affischer som p\u00e5stod att cannabis g\u00f6r oss galna. H\u00e4r \u00e4r en exempel<\/a>:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

        \u201cDet slutgiltiga slutet f\u00f6r marijuanamissbrukaren: hoppl\u00f6s galenskap.\u201d Ett uttalande som detta har ingenting att g\u00f6ra med den vetenskapliga verkligheten, men allm\u00e4nheten bombarderades med skr\u00e4ckhistorier f\u00f6r att uppr\u00e4tth\u00e5lla sitt motst\u00e5nd mot cannabis.<\/span><\/p>\n

        Det \u00e4r ett rimligt p\u00e5st\u00e5ende att vi kan se likheter med anti-vaping-gruppen. Mer \u00e4n tre \u00e5r efter EVALI-utbrottet (p\u00e5st\u00e5dda h\u00e4lsoskador tillskrivna vaping) kan vi fortfarande l\u00e4sa tidningsartiklar eller h\u00f6ra politiker p\u00e5st\u00e5 att vaping d\u00f6dar m\u00e4nniskor \u2013 \u00e4ven om detta p\u00e5st\u00e5ende var\u00a0<\/span>motbevisad<\/span><\/a> flera g\u00e5nger.<\/span><\/p>\n

        En annan konsekvens av denna partiskhet \u00e4r att vetenskapen blir ensidig och potentiella f\u00f6rdelar f\u00f6rsummas. <\/span>recension<\/span><\/a> Av 755 fallstudier om de allm\u00e4nna effekterna av vaping drog man slutsatsen att endast 37 "\u00e4r ber\u00e4ttigade till exakta kriterier f\u00f6r vetenskaplig kvalitet". Det som f\u00f6rv\u00e4rrar en s\u00e5dan partiskhet \u00e4r att dessa studier ofta anv\u00e4nds f\u00f6r att basera vapingpolicyn.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

        Kriget mot vaping och nikotin avskr\u00e4cker ocks\u00e5 m\u00e4nniskor fr\u00e5n att sluta r\u00f6ka. Detta kommer att f\u00f6rs\u00e4mra folkh\u00e4lsan. Inte bara det, utan i on\u00f6dan kommer m\u00e5nga m\u00e4nniskor att forts\u00e4tta r\u00f6ka. De sn\u00e4va gr\u00e4nserna f\u00f6r vetenskaplig forskning om nikotin kommer att ber\u00f6va oss potentiell innovation och kanske till och med behandlingar f\u00f6r m\u00e5nga sjukdomar. Nyligen s\u00e5g vi konsekvenserna av desinformation och antivetenskaplig propaganda som mest, d\u00e4r <\/span>The Guardian<\/span><\/a> rapporterade att en australisk l\u00e4kare gav sin son cigaretter f\u00f6r att sluta vapa.<\/span><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Ideologi korrumperar offentliga institutioner<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Milton Friedman sa en g\u00e5ng att \u201cingenting \u00e4r s\u00e5 permanent som ett tillf\u00e4lligt regeringsprogram\u201d, och jag tror att det \u00e4r r\u00e4ttvist att s\u00e4ga att han hade r\u00e4tt i den bed\u00f6mningen. \u00c4ven n\u00e4r fakta f\u00f6r\u00e4ndras \u00e4ndrar politiker och officiella institutioner s\u00e4llan sin \u00e5sikt eller sina tillv\u00e4gag\u00e5ngss\u00e4tt. Kriget mot droger \u00e4r ett utm\u00e4rkt exempel p\u00e5 det. Vi kan inte ens h\u00e5lla droger borta fr\u00e5n f\u00e4ngelser, men \u00e4nd\u00e5 tror m\u00e5nga politiker att det \u00e4r m\u00f6jligt att h\u00e5lla dem borta fr\u00e5n ett helt land eller ens en kontinent, vilket \u00e4r om\u00f6jligt. Men det kan bli \u00e4nnu v\u00e4rre: inte bara \u00e4ndrar vissa inte sin attityd n\u00e4r nya vetenskapliga eller verkliga bevis framtr\u00e4der, utan ibland f\u00f6rs\u00f6ker de till och med undertrycka nya bevis. Ett av de v\u00e4rsta exemplen \u00e4r en av de mest omfattande studierna n\u00e5gonsin om global kokainanv\u00e4ndning av WHO 1995. Studien h\u00f6ll inte med om alla aspekter av USA:s krig mot droger. Den sa: \u201cEn \u00f6kning av inf\u00f6randet av \u00e5tg\u00e4rder som utbildning, behandling och rehabiliteringsprogram \u00e4r en \u00f6nskv\u00e4rd motvikt till det \u00f6verdrivna beroendet av brottsbek\u00e4mpning.\u201d Vad h\u00e4nde med studien? Enligt <\/span>Ben Goldacre<\/span><\/a>, den drogs tillbaka eftersom USA hotade WHO att dra in sin finansiering om de publicerade studien (som senare l\u00e4ckte ut).<\/span><\/p>\n

          N\u00e4r det g\u00e4ller vaping ser vi en liknande trend hos WHO. Deras tillv\u00e4gag\u00e5ngss\u00e4tt \u00e4r genomsyrat av partisk skr\u00e4mselpropaganda mot vaping och falska p\u00e5st\u00e5enden n\u00e4rhelst de ber\u00f6r fr\u00e5gan. Ist\u00e4llet f\u00f6r att fokusera p\u00e5 det viktiga m\u00e5let att minska r\u00f6kning, riktar WHO sina vapen mot vaping, det mest kraftfulla r\u00f6kavv\u00e4njningsverktyget p\u00e5 planeten. De finner det viktigare att f\u00f6lja den tr\u00e5ngsynta "sluta eller d\u00f6"-strategin som basuneras ut av WHO:s miljard\u00e4rsponsorer, som Mike Bloomberg. WHO ignorerar systematiskt den m\u00e4ngd vetenskapliga bevis som pekar p\u00e5 f\u00f6rdelarna med vaping, f\u00f6r att inte tala om f\u00f6rstahandserfarenheterna fr\u00e5n miljontals vapare.<\/span><\/p>\n

           <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Eighty-nine years ago, alcohol prohibition ended. Not only did prohibition destroy millions of families and lives, but it also created some of the largest and most fearsome mafia cartels ever seen. But what is less known is that it also kick-started the war on drugs, which we still see today.\u00a0 Johann Hari described the beginning […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":3427,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3426","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"yoast_head":"\nHistory of the war on drugs should be a warning for anti-vaping crusaders<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Not only did alcohol prohibition destroy millions of lives, but it also created some of the largest mafia cartels ever seen.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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