{"id":5815,"date":"2024-10-14T07:26:38","date_gmt":"2024-10-14T11:26:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/worldvapersalliance.com\/?p=5815"},"modified":"2024-10-14T07:30:08","modified_gmt":"2024-10-14T11:30:08","slug":"how-risk-based-taxation-improves-public-health-learning-from-sweden-and-new-zealand","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/worldvapersalliance.com\/ro\/how-risk-based-taxation-improves-public-health-learning-from-sweden-and-new-zealand\/","title":{"rendered":"Cum impozitarea bazat\u0103 pe risc \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021be\u0219te s\u0103n\u0103tatea public\u0103: \u00cenv\u0103\u021b\u0103m din Suedia \u0219i Ne..."},"content":{"rendered":"

\u021a\u0103rile din \u00eentreaga lume implementeaz\u0103 diverse strategii pentru a combate fumatul \u0219i a reduce bolile asociate fumatului. \u00cen timp ce unele na\u021biuni au adoptat politici de impozitare progresiv\u0103 pentru a \u00eencuraja trecerea la produse pe baz\u0103 de nicotin\u0103 mai sigure, altele au implementat taxe mari asupra acestora, ceea ce ar putea submina eforturile de reducere a riscurilor. Aceast\u0103 postare pe blog exploreaz\u0103 modul \u00een care \u021b\u0103ri precum Suedia \u0219i Noua Zeeland\u0103 deschid calea prin reducerea taxelor pe alternativele mai pu\u021bin d\u0103un\u0103toare, cum ar fi snusul \u0219i produsele care nu se \u00eenc\u0103lzesc, pentru a reduce ratele de fumat \u0219i a \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi rezultatele \u00een domeniul s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii publice.<\/span><\/p>\n

Suedia: Lider european \u00een reducerea noxelor provocate de tutun<\/b><\/h4>\n

Suedia a fost mult timp un pionier \u00een strategiile de reducere a riscurilor, \u00een special prin utilizarea snusului, un produs din tutun f\u0103r\u0103 fum care a fost esen\u021bial pentru sc\u0103derea ratelor de fumat din \u021bar\u0103. Anul trecut, <\/span>Suedia a stimulat \u00een continuare trecerea de la \u021big\u0103ri la snus prin <\/b>reducerea impozitelor<\/b><\/a> pe aceast\u0103 alternativ\u0103 mai sigur\u0103<\/b>. Aceast\u0103 abordare a consolidat calea Suediei pentru a deveni prima <\/span>f\u0103r\u0103 fum<\/span><\/a> \u021bar\u0103 din lume: <\/span>Rata fumatului \u00een Suedia este de doar 5,6%, mult sub media UE de 23%.<\/b>, \u0219i continu\u0103 s\u0103 scad\u0103 rapid. Drept urmare, <\/span>Suedia are, de asemenea, cele mai sc\u0103zute rate ale bolilor \u0219i mortalit\u0103\u021bii legate de fumat din Europa<\/b>, \u00eenregistr\u00e2nd doar 26 de decese legate de fumat la 100.000 de locuitori, \u00een timp ce media UE este de peste trei ori mai mare, de aproximativ 100 de decese la 100.000.<\/span><\/p>\n

Succesul suedez exemplific\u0103 perfect modul \u00een care func\u021bioneaz\u0103 strategiile de reducere a daunelor provocate de tutun. \u00cen ciuda sc\u0103derii ratelor de fumat, <\/span>Suedia continu\u0103 s\u0103 fie una dintre \u021b\u0103rile cu cele mai mari rate de consum de nicotin\u0103 din Europa<\/b>, peste 20% din popula\u021bia suedez\u0103 consum\u00e2nd \u00een mod regulat snus. Cu toate acestea, acestea fac acest lucru \u00eentr-un mod mult mai pu\u021bin d\u0103un\u0103tor, deoarece snusul este semnificativ mai pu\u021bin d\u0103un\u0103tor dec\u00e2t \u021big\u0103rile, deoarece nu implic\u0103 arderea, care este principala cauz\u0103 a riscurilor pentru s\u0103n\u0103tate asociate cu fumatul. Prin reducerea taxelor pe snus, Suedia a f\u0103cut aceast\u0103 alternativ\u0103 mai accesibil\u0103 \u0219i mai accesibil\u0103, \u00eencuraj\u00e2nd fum\u0103torii s\u0103 treac\u0103 la fumat \u0219i, prin urmare, reduc\u00e2nd drastic bolile legate de fumat.<\/span><\/p>\n

Noua Zeeland\u0103: Reducerea impozitelor pentru a sprijini un viitor f\u0103r\u0103 fum de fumat<\/b><\/h4>\n

La fel ca Suedia, Noua Zeeland\u0103 ia m\u0103suri proactive pentru a \u00eencuraja fum\u0103torii s\u0103 treac\u0103 la produse cu nicotin\u0103 mai pu\u021bin d\u0103un\u0103toare. \u00cen iulie 2024, <\/span>guvernul a anun\u021bat o <\/b>Reducerea impozitelor 50%<\/b><\/a> pe produsele din tutun \u00eenc\u0103lzite<\/b>, o mi\u0219care menit\u0103 s\u0103 promoveze utilizarea unor alternative mai sigure la fumat. Aceast\u0103 politic\u0103 se aliniaz\u0103 cu angajamentul mai larg al Noii Zeelande de a deveni o <\/span>na\u021biune f\u0103r\u0103 fum p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2025<\/b>, av\u00e2nd \u00een vedere c\u0103 ratele fumatului scad deja vertiginos la <\/span>minime record<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Decizia de a reduce taxele pe produsele cu nicotin\u0103 mai sigure reflect\u0103 recunoa\u0219terea faptului c\u0103 <\/span>pre\u021bul joac\u0103 un rol crucial<\/b> \u00een comportamentul consumatorilor. Prin faptul c\u0103 face ca vapatul \u0219i tutunul \u00eenc\u0103lzit s\u0103 fie mai accesibile ca pre\u021b, Noua Zeeland\u0103 ajut\u0103 mai mul\u021bi fum\u0103tori s\u0103 renun\u021be la tutunul combustibil, care r\u0103m\u00e2ne cea mai d\u0103un\u0103toare modalitate de a consuma nicotin\u0103.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rolul impozit\u0103rii progresive \u00een reducerea riscurilor<\/b><\/h4>\n

Impozitarea poate fi un instrument puternic pentru promovarea s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii publice atunci c\u00e2nd este utilizat\u0103 \u00een mod corespunz\u0103tor. Taxele mai mici pentru produsele cu nicotin\u0103 mai sigure fac aceste alternative mai accesibile \u0219i mai atractive pentru fum\u0103tori, \u00eencuraj\u00e2ndu-i s\u0103 renun\u021be la \u021big\u0103ri.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pe de alt\u0103 parte, <\/span>Taxele mari pe produsele cu nicotin\u0103 mai sigure pot descuraja fum\u0103torii s\u0103 treac\u0103 la alternative mai pu\u021bin d\u0103un\u0103toare<\/b>. Atunci c\u00e2nd costul vapatului sau al altor produse cu risc redus se apropie sau \u00eel dep\u0103\u0219e\u0219te pe cel al \u021big\u0103rilor, fum\u0103torii pot vedea pu\u021bine stimulente financiare pentru a trece la \u021bigar\u0103. Mai mult, impozitarea ridicat\u0103 \u00eei poate determina pe utilizatorii de vape s\u0103 revin\u0103 la fumat, invers\u00e2nd progresele \u00eenregistrate \u00een reducerea ratelor de fumat.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sensibilitatea la pre\u021b <\/b>este deosebit de ridicat \u00een r\u00e2ndul grupurilor cu venituri mici, care reprezint\u0103 o propor\u021bie mare de fum\u0103tori. Dac\u0103 pre\u021bul produselor cu nicotin\u0103 mai sigure devine prea mare din cauza impozit\u0103rii excesive, aceste persoane sunt mai predispuse s\u0103 continue s\u0103 fumeze, \u00een loc s\u0103 treac\u0103 la vaping sau la alte alternative. Acest lucru poate duce \u00een cele din urm\u0103 la rate mai mari de boli legate de fumat, pun\u00e2nd o presiune suplimentar\u0103 asupra sistemelor de s\u0103n\u0103tate public\u0103.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00cen plus,<\/span> impozitarea excesiv\u0103 poate favoriza cre\u0219terea pie\u021belor negre, unde produsele nereglementate prezint\u0103 riscuri mai mari pentru consumatori<\/b>. Acest lucru a fost observat \u00een mai multe regiuni \u00een care reglement\u0103rile stricte sau taxele mari pe produsele de vaping i-au determinat pe utilizatori s\u0103 caute alternative mai ieftine, adesea nesigure, din surse ilicite.<\/span><\/p>\n

Concluzie: Impozitarea ca instrument pentru o schimbare pozitiv\u0103<\/b><\/h4>\n

Exemplele Suediei \u0219i Noii Zeelande demonstreaz\u0103 c\u0103 <\/span>politici de impozitare progresiv\u0103<\/b> c.<\/span>joac\u0103 un rol esen\u021bial \u00een eforturile de reducere a riscurilor<\/b>. Prin reducerea taxelor pe alternativele mai sigure la nicotin\u0103, aceste \u021b\u0103ri au facilitat trecerea fum\u0103torilor la produse mai pu\u021bin d\u0103un\u0103toare, ceea ce a dus la mai pu\u021bine boli \u0219i decese legate de fumat. Aceast\u0103 abordare se aliniaz\u0103 cu obiectivul fundamental al s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii publice: reducerea daunelor.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u021a\u0103rile care nu au adoptat \u00eenc\u0103 aceast\u0103 abordare ar trebui s\u0103 ia \u00een considerare dovezile din Suedia \u0219i Noua Zeeland\u0103. Taxele mari pe produsele cu nicotin\u0103 mai sigure pot submina eforturile de reducere a riscurilor, men\u021bin\u00e2nd fum\u0103torii \u00een \u021big\u0103ri \u0219i cresc\u00e2nd povara asupra sistemelor de s\u0103n\u0103tate. <\/span>Prin ajustarea politicilor fiscale pentru a reflecta riscurile reduse ale produselor precum snusul \u0219i vapingul, guvernele pot \u00eencuraja mai mul\u021bi fum\u0103tori s\u0103 fac\u0103 trecerea la \u021big\u0103ri electronice, salv\u00e2nd \u00een cele din urm\u0103 vie\u021bi \u0219i \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bind rezultatele \u00een materie de s\u0103n\u0103tate public\u0103.<\/b>.<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Countries around the world are implementing various strategies to combat smoking and reduce smoking-related illnesses. While some nations have embraced progressive taxation policies to encourage the switch to safer nicotine products, others have implemented high taxes on them, potentially undermining harm reduction efforts. 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Alian\u021ba Mondial\u0103 a Vaperilor","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/worldvapersalliance.com\/ro\/how-risk-based-taxation-improves-public-health-learning-from-sweden-and-new-zealand\/","og_locale":"ro_RO","og_type":"article","og_title":"How risk-based taxation improves public health: Learning from Sweden and New Zealand - World Vapers' Alliance","og_description":"Countries around the world are implementing various strategies to combat smoking and reduce smoking-related illnesses. 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