{"id":6645,"date":"2025-11-24T10:35:44","date_gmt":"2025-11-24T15:35:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/worldvapersalliance.com\/?p=6645"},"modified":"2025-12-18T10:36:31","modified_gmt":"2025-12-18T15:36:31","slug":"cop11-reveals-cracks-in-whos-tobacco-control-strategy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/worldvapersalliance.com\/fr\/cop11-reveals-cracks-in-whos-tobacco-control-strategy\/","title":{"rendered":"La COP11 r\u00e9v\u00e8le des failles dans la strat\u00e9gie de lutte antitabac de l'OMS"},"content":{"rendered":"

La conf\u00e9rence mondiale de l'Organisation mondiale de la sant\u00e9 sur la lutte antitabac,\u00a0COP11<\/a>, La conf\u00e9rence s'est conclue la semaine derni\u00e8re \u00e0 Gen\u00e8ve, r\u00e9unissant les \u00c9tats membres pour discuter de l'avenir de la r\u00e9glementation de la nicotine. Initialement con\u00e7ue pour renforcer la lutte mondiale contre le tabagisme, elle a finalement r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 des failles croissantes dans la politique prohibitionniste de l'OMS et des signes manifestes de r\u00e9sistance grandissante \u00e0 travers le monde face \u00e0 ce que de nombreux gouvernements consid\u00e8rent d\u00e9sormais comme un abus de pouvoir institutionnel.<\/p>\n

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Tout au long de la conf\u00e9rence, l'OMS et son r\u00e9seau d'ONG partenaires ont exerc\u00e9 des pressions agressives pour imposer\u00a0mesures<\/a>\u00a0comme l'interdiction des ar\u00f4mes pour cigarettes \u00e9lectroniques, des limites strictes en mati\u00e8re de nicotine et des restrictions g\u00e9n\u00e9rales sur les nouveaux produits tels que les sachets de nicotine. Malgr\u00e9 un nombre croissant de preuves\u00a0montrant<\/a>\u00a0Bien que ces alternatives aident les fumeurs \u00e0 arr\u00eater de fumer et \u00e0 r\u00e9duire consid\u00e9rablement les risques pour la sant\u00e9, l'approche de l'OMS a \u00e9t\u00e9 largement per\u00e7ue comme id\u00e9ologique, privil\u00e9giant les interdictions rigides au d\u00e9triment d'un consensus scientifique \u00e9mergent.\u00a0Coll\u00e8ge royal des m\u00e9decins<\/a>\u00a0a confirm\u00e9 que le vapotage est consid\u00e9rablement moins nocif que le tabagisme, et\u00a0Revues Cochrane<\/a>\u00a0ont constat\u00e9 qu'il peut s'agir d'un outil efficace pour arr\u00eater de fumer.<\/p>\n

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La r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la ligne dure pr\u00f4n\u00e9e par les dirigeants de la COP11 s'est intensifi\u00e9e au fil de la semaine. De nombreux pays, de plus en plus exasp\u00e9r\u00e9s par les directives impos\u00e9es d'en haut, ont refus\u00e9 d'approuver des restrictions contraignantes. Plusieurs d\u00e9l\u00e9gations ont plaid\u00e9 en faveur de cadres plus souples et fond\u00e9s sur des donn\u00e9es scientifiques, respectueux des r\u00e9alit\u00e9s nationales et des choix des consommateurs. La Nouvelle-Z\u00e9lande est apparue comme l'exemple le plus frappant de ce contraste. Le pays a mis en \u0153uvre une strat\u00e9gie dynamique de r\u00e9duction des risques en encourageant les fumeurs \u00e0 passer au vapotage et a enregistr\u00e9 l'une des baisses de tabagisme les plus rapides au monde. Pourtant, au lieu d'\u00eatre cit\u00e9e en exemple, la Nouvelle-Z\u00e9lande a \u00e9t\u00e9 publiquement point\u00e9e du doigt pendant la conf\u00e9rence et qualifi\u00e9e de \u201c cendrier sale \u201d, une mesure qui a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 l'hostilit\u00e9 institutionnelle persistante envers la r\u00e9duction des risques au sein de la culture bureaucratique de l'OMS.<\/p>\n

\u00c0 mesure que les divisions s'accentuaient, maintenir l'apparence d'un consensus devenait de plus en plus difficile. En cons\u00e9quence, l'OMS a subi des pressions de la part d'un groupe croissant d'\u00c9tats membres pour assouplir ses propositions initiales. Les mesures obligatoires ont \u00e9t\u00e9 discr\u00e8tement remplac\u00e9es par des lignes directrices volontaires et non contraignantes, un ajustement destin\u00e9 \u00e0 \u00e9viter une rupture ouverte et \u00e0 pr\u00e9server le fragile \u00e9quilibre diplomatique de la conf\u00e9rence.<\/p>\n

Il convient \u00e9galement de noter que les \u00c9tats-Unis ne sont pas signataires de la Convention-cadre pour la lutte antitabac et ont officiellement mis fin \u00e0 leur adh\u00e9sion \u00e0 l'OMS. Bien que les \u00c9tats-Unis n'aient jou\u00e9 aucun r\u00f4le direct dans les d\u00e9lib\u00e9rations de la COP11, leur absence s'est n\u00e9anmoins fait sentir, contribuant au scepticisme g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9 quant \u00e0 la cr\u00e9dibilit\u00e9 de l'organisation et \u00e0 sa volont\u00e9 de respecter les diff\u00e9rences culturelles, politiques et nationales de ses membres restants.<\/p>\n

Plusieurs pays, dont l'Albanie, la Mac\u00e9doine du Nord, la Serbie, la Nouvelle-Z\u00e9lande, la Gambie, le Mozambique et Saint-Kitts-et-Nevis, ont ouvertement exprim\u00e9 leur soutien \u00e0 la r\u00e9duction des risques li\u00e9s au tabac et aux approches r\u00e9glementaires fond\u00e9es sur des donn\u00e9es probantes. Parall\u00e8lement, un certain nombre d'\u00c9tats influents sont rest\u00e9s attach\u00e9s aux mod\u00e8les restrictifs traditionnels, notamment le Br\u00e9sil, l'Inde et le Danemark, soulignant ainsi un clivage mondial de plus en plus marqu\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Les preuves concr\u00e8tes continuent de s'accumuler. En Su\u00e8de,\u00a0quasi-\u00e9radication du tabagisme<\/a>\u00a0gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l'adoption g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e d'alternatives sans fum\u00e9e, ainsi qu'\u00e0 celle de la Nouvelle-Z\u00e9lande\u00a0forte baisse du tabagisme<\/a>\u00a0Suite \u00e0 son adoption du vapotage, certains pays t\u00e9moignent concr\u00e8tement de l'efficacit\u00e9 de la r\u00e9duction des risques. D'autres pays ayant historiquement des taux de tabagisme \u00e9lev\u00e9s ont rapidement constat\u00e9 des progr\u00e8s mesurables apr\u00e8s avoir adopt\u00e9 des strat\u00e9gies similaires.<\/p>\n

Gr\u00e8ce<\/a>\u00a0a fait de la r\u00e9duction des risques un pilier central de son Plan d'action national contre le tabagisme, approuvant des all\u00e9gations de sant\u00e9 fond\u00e9es sur des donn\u00e9es scientifiques pour les produits du tabac chauff\u00e9 et enregistrant une baisse de la pr\u00e9valence du tabagisme de 42 % \u00e0 36 % entre 2021 et 2024, soit une r\u00e9duction de 14 % en seulement trois ans.\u00a0Tch\u00e9quie<\/a>\u00a0En int\u00e9grant les principes de r\u00e9duction des risques dans sa strat\u00e9gie nationale de lutte contre la toxicomanie, le pays est devenu un chef de file de l'UE en mati\u00e8re de r\u00e9duction du tabagisme, avec une baisse de 23 % sur la m\u00eame p\u00e9riode.<\/p>\n

Alors que ces exp\u00e9riences nationales continuent de susciter l'int\u00e9r\u00eat, le cadre de l'OMS, fortement ax\u00e9 sur l'interdiction, appara\u00eet de plus en plus d\u00e9connect\u00e9 de la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 empirique. Ce qui est institutionnellement pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 comme une discipline de sant\u00e9 publique est de plus en plus souvent qualifi\u00e9 par les critiques de draconien et d\u00e9connect\u00e9 de la r\u00e9alit\u00e9, refl\u00e9tant davantage une pens\u00e9e doctrinale que le pragmatisme moderne en mati\u00e8re de sant\u00e9 publique.<\/p>\n

La COP11 devait initialement se d\u00e9rouler \u00e0 huis clos, avec une participation limit\u00e9e des associations de consommateurs et des experts ind\u00e9pendants en sant\u00e9 publique favorables \u00e0 la r\u00e9duction des risques. Ce mod\u00e8le s'est fragilis\u00e9 au fil de la semaine. Des gouvernements dissidents et des acteurs de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile ont r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 obtenir une plus grande transparence et une inclusion plus large, brisant ainsi ce qui avait longtemps constitu\u00e9 une chambre d'\u00e9cho au sein de l'organisation.<\/p>\n

La conf\u00e9rence a d\u00e9but\u00e9 par des appels de l'OMS en faveur d'interdictions obligatoires et de r\u00e8gles strictes et harmonis\u00e9es. Elle s'est conclue par l'adoption de recommandations volontaires et novatrices, sans toutefois atteindre les objectifs initiaux. Bien que subtil, ce changement t\u00e9moigne du d\u00e9clin de l'influence institutionnelle de la ligne dure de l'organisation.<\/p>\n

Si l\u2019OMS continue d\u2019ignorer les preuves scientifiques de plus en plus nombreuses et les r\u00e9alit\u00e9s diverses de ses \u00c9tats membres, elle risque de se marginaliser dans les d\u00e9bats politiques m\u00eames qu\u2019elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9e pour mener.\u00a0fissures<\/a>\u00a0La domination des extr\u00e9mistes anti-nicotine n'est plus une simple th\u00e9orie. Elle s'accentue \u00e0 mesure que de plus en plus de pays r\u00e9affirment leur souverainet\u00e9 en mati\u00e8re de d\u00e9cisions de sant\u00e9 publique et exigent des politiques qui privil\u00e9gient la r\u00e9duction des risques, le choix du consommateur et des r\u00e9sultats concrets plut\u00f4t que des dogmes obsol\u00e8tes.<\/p>\n

Publi\u00e9 \u00e0 l'origine ici<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The World Health Organization\u2019s global tobacco control conference,\u00a0COP11, concluded last week in Geneva, bringing together member states to discuss the future of nicotine regulation. The conference was initially intended to strengthen the global fight against smoking, but what ultimately unfolded revealed growing cracks in the WHO\u2019s prohibitionist agenda and clear signs of rising resistance worldwide […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":6394,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6645","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-wva-in-the-news"],"yoast_head":"\nCOP11 Reveals Cracks in WHO\u2019s Tobacco Control Strategy - World Vapers' Alliance<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/worldvapersalliance.com\/fr\/cop11-reveals-cracks-in-whos-tobacco-control-strategy\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"COP11 Reveals Cracks in WHO\u2019s Tobacco Control Strategy - World Vapers' Alliance\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The World Health Organization\u2019s global tobacco control conference,\u00a0COP11, concluded last week in Geneva, bringing together member states to discuss the future of nicotine regulation. 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