{"id":3426,"date":"2022-12-12T06:52:03","date_gmt":"2022-12-12T11:52:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/worldvapersalliance.com\/?p=3426"},"modified":"2022-12-12T06:54:43","modified_gmt":"2022-12-12T11:54:43","slug":"the-history-of-the-war-on-drugs-should-be-a-warning-for-anti-vaping-crusaders","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/worldvapersalliance.com\/cs\/the-history-of-the-war-on-drugs-should-be-a-warning-for-anti-vaping-crusaders\/","title":{"rendered":"Historie v\u00e1lky proti drog\u00e1m by m\u011bla b\u00fdt varov\u00e1n\u00edm pro k\u0159\u00ed\u017eovou v\u00fdpravu proti vapingu\u2026"},"content":{"rendered":"

P\u0159ed osmdes\u00e1ti dev\u00edti lety skon\u010dila prohibice alkoholu. Prohibice nejen zni\u010dila miliony rodin a \u017eivot\u016f, ale tak\u00e9 vytvo\u0159ila n\u011bkter\u00e9 z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch a nejob\u00e1van\u011bj\u0161\u00edch mafi\u00e1nsk\u00fdch kartel\u016f, jak\u00e9 kdy existovaly. M\u00e9n\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e9 je v\u0161ak to, \u017ee tak\u00e9 odstartovala v\u00e1lku proti drog\u00e1m, kterou vid\u00edme dodnes.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Johann Hari popsal za\u010d\u00e1tek v\u00e1lky proti drog\u00e1m ve sv\u00e9 knize \u201c<\/span>Honba za k\u0159ikem<\/span><\/a>\u201dvelmi p\u011bkn\u011b a jednou z kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch postav je Harry Anslinger, kter\u00fd se v roce 1930 stal komisa\u0159em Feder\u00e1ln\u00edho \u00fa\u0159adu pro narkotika americk\u00e9ho ministerstva financ\u00ed. V ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 <\/span>podcast<\/span><\/a>, Hari popisuje Anslingera jako \u201cnejzlej\u0161\u00edho mu\u017ee, kter\u00e9ho nikdo nezn\u00e1\u201d. \u00da\u0159ad p\u0159evzal na pokraji konce prohibice alkoholu. Rychle si uv\u011bdomil, \u017ee bez alkoholu jako nep\u0159\u00edtele \u010d\u00edslo jedna pot\u0159ebuje nov\u00fd c\u00edl, kter\u00fd by ospravedlnil existenci sv\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce a udr\u017eel financov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00e9 agentury v chodu. Podle Hariho za\u010dal prosazovat v\u00e1lku proti heroinu a kokainu, ale uv\u011bdomil si, \u017ee tyto produkty konzumuje p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 m\u00e1lo lid\u00ed, aby ospravedlnil obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed pen\u011bz plynouc\u00edch do jeho agentury. Jeho \u201czl\u00fdm\u201d pl\u00e1nem tedy bylo zah\u00e1jit v\u00e1lku proti konop\u00ed. To \u2018dokonale\u2019 odpov\u00eddalo jeho rasov\u011b segrega\u010dn\u00edmu sv\u011bton\u00e1zoru a mohl se zam\u011b\u0159it na \u010dernochy a jazzovou hudbu. Nav\u00edc nen\u00e1vid\u011bl lidi z\u00e1visl\u00e9 (z jeho pohledu) na jak\u00fdchkoli l\u00e1tk\u00e1ch. Chyb\u011bl mu d\u011bsiv\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh, kter\u00fd by zah\u00e1jil v\u00e1lku proti konop\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e se tedy dozv\u011bd\u011bl o brut\u00e1ln\u00ed vra\u017ed\u011b sekerou, v\u011bd\u011bl, \u017ee je to ten okam\u017eik, na kter\u00fd \u010dek\u00e1. Victor Licata zavra\u017edil svou rodinu sekerou. P\u0159esto\u017ee l\u00e9ka\u0159i zjistili, \u017ee trp\u00ed schizofreni\u00ed, jeho <\/span>byla obvi\u0148ov\u00e1na konzumace konop\u00ed<\/span><\/a>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>Nakonec Anslinger m\u011bl sv\u016fj perfektn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh, kdy\u017e b\u011bhem sly\u0161en\u00ed v Kongresu prohl\u00e1sil: \u201cN\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9 propadnou deliri\u00f3zn\u00edmu vzteku, jsou do\u010dasn\u011b nezodpov\u011bdn\u00ed a mohou se dopustit n\u00e1siln\u00fdch trestn\u00fdch \u010din\u016f.\u201d To byl za\u010d\u00e1tek masivn\u00ed kampan\u011b proti konop\u00ed (v\u010detn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed term\u00ednu marihuana, aby zn\u011bl mexi\u010dt\u011bji, podle Laury Smithov\u00e9) a vedlo k prohibici konop\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je zodpov\u011bdn\u00e9 za statis\u00edce \u00famrt\u00ed a zni\u010dilo miliony \u017eivot\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pro\u010d je to relevantn\u00ed pro sv\u011bt vapingu? Odpov\u011b\u010f je jednoduch\u00e1: politika st\u00e1le funguje velmi podobn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem. Zde jsou \u010dty\u0159i d\u016fvody, pro\u010d:\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Prohibice zab\u00edj\u00ed<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Pokud by se tv\u016frci politik m\u011bli z historie pou\u010dit jednu v\u011bc, pak je to, \u017ee prohibice nefunguje. Prohibice alkoholu v USA byla naprostou katastrofou, kter\u00e1 vedla k v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 konzumaci alkoholu a ke vzniku masivn\u00edch, smrt\u00edc\u00edch zlo\u010dineck\u00fdch kartel\u016f. V\u00e1lka proti drog\u00e1m na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b je naprost\u00fdm selh\u00e1n\u00edm a \u010dasto vede ke kontraproduktivn\u00ed politice. Prohibice zni\u010dila miliony \u017eivot\u016f v USA a v\u00e1lka proti drog\u00e1m t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 zhroutila cel\u00e9 zem\u011b. Z\u00e1kazem produkt\u016f popt\u00e1vka nezmiz\u00ed, ale dodavatel se m\u011bn\u00ed z ofici\u00e1ln\u00edch podnik\u016f na akt\u00e9ry \u010dern\u00e9ho trhu. M\u016f\u017ee to zn\u00edt p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 zjednodu\u0161en\u011b, ale je to... <\/span>historick\u00fd fakt<\/span><\/a>. Proto je opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dat, \u017ee v\u00e1lka proti vapingu bude m\u00edt stejn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky. Z\u00e1kaz, nebo dokonce omezen\u00ed vapingu a nikotinu pro dosp\u011bl\u00e9, podpo\u0159\u00ed aktivity na \u010dern\u00e9m trhu a zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed spot\u0159ebu ji\u017e tak zak\u00e1zan\u00fdch produkt\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Byrokracie nikdy nedos\u00e1hne sv\u00fdch c\u00edl\u016f<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh z \u00da\u0159adu pro boj s narkotiky dokonale popisuje koncept \u201c<\/span>pl\u00ed\u017eiv\u00e1 mise<\/span><\/a>\u201c. Vl\u00e1dn\u00ed agentury, ale i mnoho nevl\u00e1dn\u00edch organizac\u00ed, nikdy nevyhraj\u00ed \u2013 bez ohledu na to, jak\u00fd je jejich c\u00edl. Pot\u00e9, co prohibice alkoholu skon\u010dila, ne\u0159ekli: \u201cNo, u\u017e n\u00e1s nepot\u0159ebuj\u00ed, tak se vzdejme pohodln\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce a d\u016fchodu\u201d \u2013 za\u010dali hledat nov\u00e9 c\u00edle. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b to bylo konop\u00ed. Pokud jde o protiku\u0159\u00e1ck\u00fd komplex, je to vapov\u00e1n\u00ed a nikotin. M\u00edsto oslavov\u00e1n\u00ed klesaj\u00edc\u00edho po\u010dtu ku\u0159\u00e1k\u016f a mnohem men\u0161\u00edho po\u010dtu \u00famrt\u00ed mnoho vl\u00e1d, agentur ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed a protiku\u0159\u00e1ck\u00fdch aktivist\u016f hledalo nov\u00e9 nep\u0159\u00e1tele. Rozhodli se ob\u011btovat vapov\u00e1n\u00ed a nikotin obecn\u011b, a v d\u016fsledku toho se boj proti kou\u0159en\u00ed postupn\u011b prom\u011bnil v boj proti nikotinu.\u201c.<\/span><\/p>\n

        \n
      1. V\u00e1lka proti drog\u00e1m znamen\u00e1 tak\u00e9 v\u00e1lku proti v\u011bd\u011b<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Aby vl\u00e1dn\u00ed agentury a nevl\u00e1dn\u00ed organizace mohly v\u00e9st v\u00e1lku proti ur\u010dit\u00e9 l\u00e1tce, pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed na sv\u00e9 stran\u011b ve\u0159ejnost a jak uk\u00e1zala historie, pro n\u011bkter\u00e9 je to d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v\u011bdeck\u00e1 fakta. Klasick\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edklady jsou ran\u00e9 dny film\u016f a plak\u00e1t\u016f proti konop\u00ed, kter\u00e9 tvrdily, \u017ee z n\u00e1s marihuana d\u011bl\u00e1 \u0161\u00edlence. Zde je\u2026 p\u0159\u00edklad<\/a>:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

        \u201cKone\u010dn\u00fd konec marihuanov\u00e9ho z\u00e1visl\u00e9ho: beznad\u011bjn\u00e9 \u0161\u00edlenstv\u00ed.\u201d Takov\u00e9 prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed nem\u00e1 nic spole\u010dn\u00e9ho s v\u011bdeckou realitou, ale ve\u0159ejnost byla bombardov\u00e1na hororov\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy, aby si udr\u017eela odpor v\u016f\u010di konop\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

        Je opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 tvrzen\u00ed, \u017ee m\u016f\u017eeme pozorovat podobnosti s odp\u016frci vapingu. V\u00edce ne\u017e t\u0159i roky po \u201cpropuknut\u00ed\u201d EVALI (\u00fadajn\u00e9 po\u0161kozen\u00ed zdrav\u00ed p\u0159ipisovan\u00e9 vapingu) st\u00e1le m\u016f\u017eeme \u010d\u00edst novinov\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky nebo sly\u0161et politiky tvrdit, \u017ee vaping zab\u00edj\u00ed lidi \u2013 i kdy\u017e toto tvrzen\u00ed bylo\u2026\u00a0<\/span>vyvr\u00e1ceno<\/span><\/a> v\u00edcekr\u00e1t.<\/span><\/p>\n

        Dal\u0161\u00edm d\u016fsledkem t\u00e9to zaujatosti je, \u017ee v\u011bda se st\u00e1v\u00e1 jednostrannou a potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00ednosy jsou zanedb\u00e1v\u00e1ny. <\/span>recenze<\/span><\/a> Z 755 p\u0159\u00edpadov\u00fdch studi\u00ed o obecn\u00fdch \u00fa\u010dinc\u00edch vapingu dosp\u011blo k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee pouze 37 \u201cspl\u0148uje p\u0159esn\u00e1 krit\u00e9ria v\u011bdeck\u00e9 kvality\u201d. Takovou zkreslenost je\u0161t\u011b zhor\u0161uje skute\u010dnost, \u017ee tyto studie se \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k zalo\u017een\u00ed politiky vapingu.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

        V\u00e1lka proti vapingu a nikotinu tak\u00e9 odrazuje lidi od p\u0159echodu na cigarety. To po\u0161kod\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed. Nejen to, ale mnoho lid\u00ed bude zbyte\u010dn\u011b pokra\u010dovat v kou\u0159en\u00ed. \u00dazk\u00e9 limity v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edho se nikotinu n\u00e1s p\u0159iprav\u00ed o potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed inovace a mo\u017en\u00e1 i o l\u00e9\u010dbu mnoha nemoc\u00ed. Ned\u00e1vno jsme byli sv\u011bdky vrcholn\u00fdch d\u016fsledk\u016f dezinformac\u00ed a antiv\u011bdeck\u00e9 propagandy, kde... <\/span>The Guardian<\/span><\/a> uvedl, \u017ee australsk\u00fd l\u00e9ka\u0159 dal sv\u00e9mu synovi cigarety, aby p\u0159estal vapovat.<\/span><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Ideologie korumpuje ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 instituce<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Milton Friedman kdysi \u0159ekl, \u017ee \u201cnic nen\u00ed tak trval\u00e9 jako do\u010dasn\u00fd vl\u00e1dn\u00ed program\u201d, a mysl\u00edm, \u017ee je f\u00e9r \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee s t\u00edmto hodnocen\u00edm m\u011bl pravdu. I kdy\u017e se fakta zm\u011bn\u00ed, politici a ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed instituce jen z\u0159\u00eddka m\u011bn\u00ed sv\u016fj n\u00e1zor nebo p\u0159\u00edstup. V\u00e1lka proti drog\u00e1m je toho uk\u00e1zkov\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem. Nem\u016f\u017eeme ani udr\u017eet drogy mimo v\u011bznice, ale p\u0159esto si mnoho politik\u016f mysl\u00ed, \u017ee je mo\u017en\u00e9 je udr\u017eet mimo celou zemi nebo dokonce kontinent, co\u017e je nemo\u017en\u00e9. M\u016f\u017ee to v\u0161ak b\u00fdt je\u0161t\u011b hor\u0161\u00ed: n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed nejen\u017ee nezm\u011bn\u00ed sv\u016fj postoj, kdy\u017e se objev\u00ed nov\u00e9 v\u011bdeck\u00e9 nebo re\u00e1ln\u00e9 d\u016fkazy, ale n\u011bkdy se dokonce sna\u017e\u00ed nov\u00e9 d\u016fkazy potla\u010dit. Jedn\u00edm z nejhor\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f je jedna z nejrozs\u00e1hlej\u0161\u00edch studi\u00ed o glob\u00e1ln\u00edm u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed kokainu, kterou kdy provedla WHO v roce 1995. Studie nesouhlasila se v\u0161emi aspekty americk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky proti drog\u00e1m. Uvedla: \u201cZv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed reakc\u00ed, jako jsou vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed, l\u00e9\u010debn\u00e9 a rehabilita\u010dn\u00ed programy, je \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed protiv\u00e1hou k p\u0159\u00edli\u0161n\u00e9mu spol\u00e9h\u00e1n\u00ed se na org\u00e1ny \u010dinn\u00e9 v trestn\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.\u201d Co se stalo se studi\u00ed? Podle <\/span>Ben Goldacre<\/span><\/a>, byla sta\u017eena, proto\u017ee USA pohrozily WHO, \u017ee zastav\u00ed financov\u00e1n\u00ed, pokud studii zve\u0159ejn\u00ed (kter\u00e1 pozd\u011bji unikla na ve\u0159ejnost).<\/span><\/p>\n

          Pokud jde o vaping, podobn\u00fd trend pozorujeme u WHO. Jej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup je pln\u00fd zaujat\u00fdch protivapingov\u00fdch stra\u0161en\u00ed a fale\u0161n\u00fdch tvrzen\u00ed, kdykoli se t\u00e9to problematiky dotknou. M\u00edsto aby se WHO zam\u011b\u0159ila na d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd c\u00edl, kter\u00fdm je sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed kou\u0159en\u00ed, obrac\u00ed svou zbra\u0148 proti vapingu, nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu n\u00e1stroji pro odvyk\u00e1n\u00ed kou\u0159en\u00ed na planet\u011b. Pova\u017euje za d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1sledovat \u00fazkoprs\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup \u2018p\u0159esta\u0148, nebo zem\u0159i\u2019, kter\u00fd troub\u00ed miliard\u00e1\u0159\u0161t\u00ed sponzo\u0159i WHO, jako je Mike Bloomberg. WHO systematicky ignoruje mno\u017estv\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00fdch d\u016fkaz\u016f poukazuj\u00edc\u00edch na v\u00fdhody vapingu, nemluv\u011b o osobn\u00edch zku\u0161enostech milion\u016f vaper\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n

           <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Eighty-nine years ago, alcohol prohibition ended. Not only did prohibition destroy millions of families and lives, but it also created some of the largest and most fearsome mafia cartels ever seen. But what is less known is that it also kick-started the war on drugs, which we still see today.\u00a0 Johann Hari described the beginning […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":3427,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3426","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"yoast_head":"\nHistory of the war on drugs should be a warning for anti-vaping crusaders<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Not only did alcohol prohibition destroy millions of lives, but it also created some of the largest mafia cartels ever seen.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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